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电动汽车冬天电量会下降吗
时间:2022-12-03 17:29:24        点击量:【 】次

随着新能源汽车的迅速增长,成千上万的电动车也逐步走进平常百姓家中。电动汽车在带给我们出行便利的同时,更要带给我们安全,过去低速电动汽车经常发生一些安全事故,使得消费者的人身财产受到损失。据可靠消息比亚迪电动汽车在2018年前10个月销售总数达26000台,更不用算其他众多厂家的总量了。去年我国电动汽车产销达到77万台,今年预计会达到100万,笔者认为即使达不到100万但至少会比去年有一个很大的提升。随着电动汽车进入千家万户,同时也给广大消费者带来一些困扰,比如说电动汽车动力电池会不会衰减?冬天的时候动力锂电池如何保养?笔者通过自身经历给大家总结了几点如下:

一、购车时对动力锂电池的选择




如今的乘用车很多都采用三元锂电池,单体型号18650,采用不同串,不同模组构成不同电压等级及电量的动力锂电池。电能根据车型的不同而有所区别,有40度电的,也有更多电能的电池。因为三元锂电池相比磷酸铁锂密度可以高一些,这个也是为了更好的提高能量密度,更好的满足国标设计要求,目前乘用车能量密度为120WH/g,这个要求大多数电动汽车都可以具备。电池是整车零部件里面比较贵的,所以电池的设计考虑的因素也有很多,在设计动力电池时候,很多厂家会设计两种方案,比如说一种是带加热模式的,一种是不带加热模式的,带加热模式的肯定要贵一些,这也是为了满足不同价位需求的客户。但是我建议,如果考虑入手电动汽车就不要去省那几个钱了,带加热的动力电池绝对会物超所值,冬天你就能感觉到他的作用。




二、冬天时不要让锂电池过充过放

我们都知道,其实锂电池就是通过化学反应才能实现电能的充、放过程。那么温度对于化学反应的影响是比较大的,所以冬天电池的电量衰减也就是比较合情合理的。所以到冬天我们在驾驶电动汽车的时候,一定要注意不要让动力锂电池过放,当电量下降到30%或者20%的时候就可以抽空去充电了,不要把电量耗干,这样会过放会使得电池内部产生气泡,这就是为啥我们的电池会有胀气。




三、冬天充电防火意识一定要高




冬天给电动汽车充电,一定要检查充电设备,目前我们一般用的充电模式有3中,有30kw的快充桩,还有7kw的慢充桩,最后就是简易模式带控制引导装置的模式2充电桩了。由于快充桩比较贵,目前普及的数量远远没有达到我们的使用要求,所以很多人考虑就近原则不会使用快充,慢充桩能比快充桩多一些,但是远远没有达到使用要求的数量。那么问题就来了,除了集中租赁的电动汽车,厂家会建设一些充电桩。作为个体消费者来说,购买电动汽车很可能就是看中他的家用220V充电功能了,很多人会选择用模式2进行充电,因为这种装置简单易于操作,价格便宜,体积小,随车就能携带。很多私人购车者就会利用这种充电桩进行充电,那么涉及到单独接线的问题,假如你的插座不够用,有的人会私自接线,这个时候一定要清楚你的桩是多大功率的,电流有多大,你的线径是否满足这么大的电流长时间工作,如果不可以满足,有熔断的风险,一定不可以私自接线,在接线前一定要咨询专业的技术人员,很多火灾除了锂电池本身外,都是电路的短路造成的,所以我们在充电时候要特别注意。

With the rapid growth of new energy vehicles, thousands of electric vehicles have gradually entered the homes of ordinary people. While electric vehicles bring us travel convenience, they should also bring us safety. In the past, low-speed electric vehicles often had some safety accidents, which caused consumers' personal and property losses. According to reliable information, the total sales of BYD electric vehicles in the first 10 months of 2018 reached 26000, not to mention the total sales of many other manufacturers. Last year, the production and sales of electric vehicles in China reached 770000, and this year is expected to reach 1 million. The author believes that even if it does not reach 1 million, it will at least have a great improvement over last year. With the entry of electric vehicles into thousands of households, it also brings some problems to consumers, such as whether the power battery of electric vehicles will decay? How to maintain the power lithium battery in winter? The author summarizes the following points through his own experience:




1、 Choice of power lithium battery when purchasing the car










Nowadays, many passenger cars use ternary lithium batteries. The single model is 18650. Different strings and modules are used to form power lithium batteries of different voltage levels and quantities. The electric energy varies according to the model. There are 40 kilowatt hour batteries and more electric batteries. Because the density of ternary lithium battery can be higher than that of lithium iron phosphate, this is also to better improve the energy density and better meet the national standard design requirements. At present, the energy density of passenger vehicles is 120WH/g, which is required for most electric vehicles. Batteries are more expensive in vehicle parts, so there are many factors to consider in battery design. When designing power batteries, many manufacturers will design two schemes, for example, one with heating mode, and the other without heating mode. The one with heating mode is likely to be more expensive, which is also to meet the needs of customers at different prices. But I suggest that if you consider electric vehicles, you should not save those few dollars. The power battery with heating will definitely be worth more than it is worth. You can feel its role in winter.










2、 Do not overcharge or discharge the lithium battery in winter




As we all know, in fact, lithium battery can realize the charging and discharging process of electric energy through chemical reaction. Then the temperature has a great influence on the chemical reaction, so the battery power attenuation in winter is more reasonable. So when we drive electric vehicles in winter, we must pay attention not to over discharge the power lithium battery. When the power drops to 30% or 20%, we can take time to charge it. Don't drain the power. This will cause bubbles in the battery. That's why our battery will have gas.












3、 Fire prevention awareness must be high when charging in winter










To charge electric vehicles in winter, you must check the charging equipment. At present, there are three charging modes in common use, including 30kw fast charging pile and 7kw slow charging pile. Finally, the simple mode with control and guidance device is the mode 2 charging pile. Due to the high cost of fast filling piles, the current number of popular piles is far from meeting our use requirements, so many people consider that fast filling piles will not be used in the principle of proximity. Slow filling piles can be more than fast filling piles, but they are far from meeting the use requirements. Then there is a problem. In addition to the centralized rental of electric vehicles, the manufacturer will build some charging piles. As an individual consumer, the purchase of an electric vehicle is likely to focus on his 220V household charging function. Many people will choose Mode 2 for charging, because this device is simple and easy to operate, cheap, small, and can be carried with the car. Many private car buyers will use this charging pile to charge, so it involves the problem of separate wiring. If your socket is not enough, some people will connect wires privately. At this time, it must be clear how powerful your pile is, how large the current is, and whether your wire diameter is full of such a large current to work for a long time. If it cannot be met, there is a risk of fusing, you must not connect wires privately, Before wiring, you must consult professional technicians. Many fires are caused by short circuit of the circuit except lithium battery itself, so we should pay special attention to charging.


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